Iberian lynx diet
Weaning occurs at around eight months but juveniles tend to stay in their natal territory until they are around 20 months old (5). Small deer may be eaten on occasion, if rabbit numbers are low (5). By the turn of the 21st century, the Iberian lynx was on the verge of extinction, as only about 100 individuals survived in two isolated subpopulations in Andalusia. Iberian lynx range Historically widespread throughout the Iberian peninsula and the south of France. The Iberian lynx has a bright yellowish to tawny colored spotted and short fur, a short body, long legs, a short tail, a small head with tufted ears and facial whiskers, called a ruff. Description Biology Range Habitat Status Threats Conservation Find out more Glossary References Print factsheet. A medium-sized species, it is smaller than the Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx ), with which it shares a characteristically bobbed tail, spotted coat, muscular body and long legs (3). It is now largely restricted to mountainous areas. The Iberian lynx is smaller than its northern relatives, and typically hunts smaller animals, usually no larger than hares. Since a 2007 outbreak of feline leukemia virus (FeLV), wild lynxes are tested periodically for possible disease. Formerly considered a subspecies of the Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx ), the Iberian lynx is now classified as a separate species. It competes for prey with the red fox, the Egyptian mongoose ( Herpestes ichneumon ) and the wildcat. The male Iberian lynx is larger than the female, and both possess prominent whiskers on the face and long, erect tufts of black hair on the tips of the ears (2) (3). By the mid 1990s, small and severely fragmented populations were found only in diminishing areas of suitable habitat in central and south-western parts of Spain, and in fragmented areas of Portugal. The Iberian Lynx CNRLI reproduction centre near the village of Vale Fuzeiros near the town of Silves, Portugal. Survival of the young depends heavily on the availability of prey species. The Iberian lynx prefers heterogeneous environments of open grassland mixed with dense shrubs such as strawberry tree, mastic, and juniper, and trees such as holm oak and cork oak.
The Iberian lynx species has declined by about 80% in the last 20 years. The kittens become independent at 7 to 10 months old, but remain with the mother until around 20 months old. A kitten will frequently kill its littermate in a brutal fight. Siblings become violent towards one another between 30 and 60 days, peaking at 45 days. The Iberian lynx and its habitat are fully protected, and they are no longer legally hunted. European rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) make up the mainstay of the diet of the Iberian lynx, unlike the larger Eurasian lynx that feeds mainly on ungulates such as roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) and chamois ( Rupicapra rupicapra ) (2). The total population was estimated to be 99 to 158 adults, including the La Mancha population. Females reach sexual maturity at one year of age but will only breed once they are in possession of their own territory (5). The relatively short, coarse fur is bright yellowish-red to tawny in colour, overlaid with brown or black spots, and the underparts are white. The mating season peaks at the beginning of the year in January and February and births occur two months later (3). The Iberian lynx was once present throughout the Iberian Peninsula and southern France. The female cares for her litter of one to four kittens (3) within a lair that may be located under a thicket or in a hollow tree. Both sexes are solitary and territorial, with male territories overlapping those of several females (3). Iberian lynx biology Iberian lynx are generally nocturnal creatures, with peak activity occurring at twilight when individuals leave shelter in order to forage (3). During the mating season the female leaves her territory in search of a male.
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